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Jantar Mantar

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Jantar Mantar in Jaipur

Jantar Mantar at Jaipur is the largest stone observatory in the World and this feature makes it, a special Jantar Mantar Jaipurdestination for a traveler. Jantar Mantar of Jaipur is one of the five astronomical observatories built by Maharaja Jai Singh, the founder of Jaipur. During the period between 1727 and 1733, Jantar Mantar took its form and structure. Initially Jantar Mantar was named as Yantra Mantra, which means instruments and formulae, but due to mispronunciation of the term, it is changed to the recognized name.

History of Jantar Mantar

Maharja Sawai Jai Singh II, the founder of Jaipur, was a learned person and a great astrologer. He acquaintedJantar Mantar Jaipur himself thoroughly with religion, philosophy, art, architecture, Hindu, Greek, Muslim and European schools of astronomy and astrology. He thoroughly studied Ptolemy’s Syntaxis, De La Hire’s Tabulae, Newton’s Principia, Euclid’s Clements, Mirza Ulugh Beg’s Astronomical Tables, Master works of Aryabhatta, Varahmihir, Brahamgupt, and Bhaskaracharya.

In 1718, he thought of constructing an Observatory and named it Jantar Mantar. For the purpose, he studied several books on the subject of astronomy. He was helped in his studies by Pt. Jagannath Samrat (who had a good command on several languages) and also by Pt. Keval Ramji, a numerical euhemerist. Both of those scholars translated several authoritative works written in various languages on mathematics and astronomy to Sanskrit, because of which the Maharaja got lot of help in fulfilling his great ambitious.

Architecture and Attractions of Jantar Mantar

Jantar Mantar has a remarkable collection of architectural astronomical instruments. It portrays noteworthy attempt of the ancestors, who were interested in astronomy and knowledge of celestial bodies. Above all, this observatory still, provides accurate information, which can be compared with today's modern instruments undeniably. The compound instruments, whose settings and shapes are scientifically designed depicts the forteLaghu Samrat Yantra Jantar Mantar of Medieval Indian Astronomy.

Laghu Samrat Yantra (Small Sundial) - The walls make the gnomon, the upper edge of the walls making an angle of 27 degrees with the horizontal, which is the latitude of Jaipur. The scales are made of marble. The shadow of the gnomon on the scale gives the local time.

Samrat Yantra - Samrat Yantra, a gigantic sundial, is the largest sundial in the world. The height of gnomon is 27 meters and the base length is about 45 meters. The radius of each quadrant of scale is about 15 meters. The size of Samrat Yantra is such that it has a very high resolution of time measurement. It can give Jaipur's local time to an accuracy of 2 seconds.

Rashivalya Yantra Jantar MantarRashivalya Yanta - Rashivalya Yanta is a collection of twelve zodiac sign instruments, one for each sign of the zodiac. These instruments are used to measure celestial latitude and longitude of celestial objects. Each instrument has a gnomon and the two quadrants. The geometry of gnomon differs for each instrument. Depending upon the current zodiac sign the relevant instrument can be used. At that time, the gnomon of the concerned instrument points to the ecliptic pole and celestial latitude and longitude of a celestial object in the zodiac sign can be measured.

Ram Yantra - Ram Yantra is used to measure altitude and azimuth of celestial objects.There are two cylinders, each with longitudinal gaps. The gaps are there so that one can view the instrument easily. Where there is a gap in one cylinder, there is solid material at that place in the other. So the two cylinders complement each other, and together, they make a single instrument. And many more like Digansha Yantra, Narivalaya Yantra, Kapali Yantra, Jai Prakash Yantra, Krantiwritta Yantra, Unnantasha Yantra, Dakshinobhitti Yantra

 

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